Do fundo do mar... Sea bottom
Monday, October 30, 2006
Har, me hearties! Excavating Blackbeard's ship
_________________________________________________________________
Scotsman.com
By Diane Bartz
October 30, 2006
An undated handout image of a urethral syringe
recovered off the Atlantic Ocean floor from
Blackbeard's ship, the Queen Anne's Revenge.
REUTERS/Handout
BEAUFORT, North Carolina - Nearly three centuries ago, the notorious pirate Blackbeard ran aground in his ship, the Queen Anne's Revenge, off what is now a North Carolina beach town.
This month, a crew of 13 heads out to sea each day, hoping for clear-enough weather to dive the 20 to 25 feet (6 to 7.5 metres) to the ocean bottom to excavate what they believe is Blackbeard's ship.
The team has found cannons, a bell, lead shot of all sizes, gold dust, pewter cups and medical devices, like a urethral syringe used to treat syphilis with mercury.
"A saying at the time was 'a night with Venus and a month with mercury.' And mercury doesn't even cure you," lead archeologist Chris Southerly said in an interview.
In past years, Southerly and his team did spot digs to map the debris field measuring 150 feet by 70 feet (45 metres by 20 metres).
This year, divers are excavating the southern one-third of the site. They use PVC and aluminium pipe to measure five-foot (1.5 metre) squares and meticulously record where objects are found.
But, working 1 1/4 mile (2 km) off North Carolina, there are problems that landlubber archaeologists don't encounter.
"Once we excavate down 2, 3, 4 feet (0.6 to 1.2 metres), because of the currents and sand, it falls back in," said Southerly.
This classic archaeology focuses on one of the most unusual men of an unusual era -- Blackbeard.
His real name, which may have been Edward Teach or Thatch, is the subject of speculation, as are his birthplace and birth date. He knew how to navigate, but there is only one sample of what could be his writing -- a ship's log entry.
"We don't know how tall (he was), but he seems to be taller than average for that period. One account calls him a 'spare' man. He certainly had charisma," says Lindley Butler, a retired history professor of Rockingham Community College, in Wentworth, North Carolina. Butler specialises in North Carolina history.
There were accounts that he tied slow-burning cannon fuses to his long black hair before going into battle.
18TH CENTURY PSYCHO OPS
"With the fuses in his hair and heavily armed, he's a frightening person," says Butler, who added that pirates preferred to take ships without a shot. "There were some psychopathic pirates out there, but Blackbeard was not one of them. We have no evidence that Blackbeard ever murdered anyone or ever tortured anyone.
Blackbeard at first fought with the British as a privateer, a kind of legal pirate, attacking Spanish and French ships in the War of the Spanish Succession in the early 18th century.
With the war's end, Blackbeard and thousands of other unemployed sailors turned to piracy. His troop captured a French slaver called La Concorde in a brief skirmish in November 1717, says Butler.
He renamed the ship the Queen Anne's Revenge, which was probably 90 to 105 feet (27 by 32 metres) long. The band also had three smaller sloops, with about 400 men under arms.
In May 1718, Blackbeard's pirates sailed into the port of Charleston, South Carolina and, in a stunningly audacious move, blockaded the harbour. The ransom demanded, and paid, was a chest of medicine worth 400 pounds, says Butler.
"In a way, I guess it did sort of terrorise that port. Blackbeard at that time had a fleet of four vessels, with 60 cannons. This was the most powerful fleet in this hemisphere at this time," says Butler.
Shortly after terrorising Charlestown, Blackbeard lost his lead ship, running the Queen Anne's Revenge aground on one of the many shifting sandbars off North Carolina, says Butler.
After the wreck the governor granted him a royal pardon, and Blackbeard went into at least semi-retirement in June 1718, spending chunks of time in Ocracoke, a barrier island off North Carolina.
But Virginia Governor Alexander Spotswood was apparently unconvinced Blackbeard had actually given up pirating.
"Gov. Spotswood was having nightmares about this pirate sitting down here in North Carolina," says Butler.
He sent troops to find Blackbeard, and the two sides battled it out on November 21, 1718 on tiny Ocracoke.
Blackbeard was killed in ferocious fighting. Casualty figures vary but at least eight other pirates were killed, and eight British seamen. Blackbeard's head was cut off and stuck on a stake. His body was tossed overboard.
ONE YEAR TO BECOME AN ICON
Blackbeard was probably in his 30s when he was killed, and had been a pirate captain for just about a year. During that time, his force had taken a town hostage and captured 40 ships.
"It's astonishing that he's had such an iconic role in such short a time. It's like a comet almost," says Butler.
With so little known about Blackbeard from primary sources, perhaps the best chance to get to know Blackbeard is through the wreck of the ship believed to be the Queen Anne's Revenge.
____
www.dofundodomar.blogspot.com
Scotsman.com
By Diane Bartz
October 30, 2006
An undated handout image of a urethral syringe
recovered off the Atlantic Ocean floor from
Blackbeard's ship, the Queen Anne's Revenge.
REUTERS/Handout
BEAUFORT, North Carolina - Nearly three centuries ago, the notorious pirate Blackbeard ran aground in his ship, the Queen Anne's Revenge, off what is now a North Carolina beach town.
This month, a crew of 13 heads out to sea each day, hoping for clear-enough weather to dive the 20 to 25 feet (6 to 7.5 metres) to the ocean bottom to excavate what they believe is Blackbeard's ship.
The team has found cannons, a bell, lead shot of all sizes, gold dust, pewter cups and medical devices, like a urethral syringe used to treat syphilis with mercury.
"A saying at the time was 'a night with Venus and a month with mercury.' And mercury doesn't even cure you," lead archeologist Chris Southerly said in an interview.
In past years, Southerly and his team did spot digs to map the debris field measuring 150 feet by 70 feet (45 metres by 20 metres).
This year, divers are excavating the southern one-third of the site. They use PVC and aluminium pipe to measure five-foot (1.5 metre) squares and meticulously record where objects are found.
But, working 1 1/4 mile (2 km) off North Carolina, there are problems that landlubber archaeologists don't encounter.
"Once we excavate down 2, 3, 4 feet (0.6 to 1.2 metres), because of the currents and sand, it falls back in," said Southerly.
This classic archaeology focuses on one of the most unusual men of an unusual era -- Blackbeard.
His real name, which may have been Edward Teach or Thatch, is the subject of speculation, as are his birthplace and birth date. He knew how to navigate, but there is only one sample of what could be his writing -- a ship's log entry.
"We don't know how tall (he was), but he seems to be taller than average for that period. One account calls him a 'spare' man. He certainly had charisma," says Lindley Butler, a retired history professor of Rockingham Community College, in Wentworth, North Carolina. Butler specialises in North Carolina history.
There were accounts that he tied slow-burning cannon fuses to his long black hair before going into battle.
18TH CENTURY PSYCHO OPS
"With the fuses in his hair and heavily armed, he's a frightening person," says Butler, who added that pirates preferred to take ships without a shot. "There were some psychopathic pirates out there, but Blackbeard was not one of them. We have no evidence that Blackbeard ever murdered anyone or ever tortured anyone.
Blackbeard at first fought with the British as a privateer, a kind of legal pirate, attacking Spanish and French ships in the War of the Spanish Succession in the early 18th century.
With the war's end, Blackbeard and thousands of other unemployed sailors turned to piracy. His troop captured a French slaver called La Concorde in a brief skirmish in November 1717, says Butler.
He renamed the ship the Queen Anne's Revenge, which was probably 90 to 105 feet (27 by 32 metres) long. The band also had three smaller sloops, with about 400 men under arms.
In May 1718, Blackbeard's pirates sailed into the port of Charleston, South Carolina and, in a stunningly audacious move, blockaded the harbour. The ransom demanded, and paid, was a chest of medicine worth 400 pounds, says Butler.
"In a way, I guess it did sort of terrorise that port. Blackbeard at that time had a fleet of four vessels, with 60 cannons. This was the most powerful fleet in this hemisphere at this time," says Butler.
Shortly after terrorising Charlestown, Blackbeard lost his lead ship, running the Queen Anne's Revenge aground on one of the many shifting sandbars off North Carolina, says Butler.
After the wreck the governor granted him a royal pardon, and Blackbeard went into at least semi-retirement in June 1718, spending chunks of time in Ocracoke, a barrier island off North Carolina.
But Virginia Governor Alexander Spotswood was apparently unconvinced Blackbeard had actually given up pirating.
"Gov. Spotswood was having nightmares about this pirate sitting down here in North Carolina," says Butler.
He sent troops to find Blackbeard, and the two sides battled it out on November 21, 1718 on tiny Ocracoke.
Blackbeard was killed in ferocious fighting. Casualty figures vary but at least eight other pirates were killed, and eight British seamen. Blackbeard's head was cut off and stuck on a stake. His body was tossed overboard.
ONE YEAR TO BECOME AN ICON
Blackbeard was probably in his 30s when he was killed, and had been a pirate captain for just about a year. During that time, his force had taken a town hostage and captured 40 ships.
"It's astonishing that he's had such an iconic role in such short a time. It's like a comet almost," says Butler.
With so little known about Blackbeard from primary sources, perhaps the best chance to get to know Blackbeard is through the wreck of the ship believed to be the Queen Anne's Revenge.
____
www.dofundodomar.blogspot.com
